The Fauna of Kos

Birds:

Aquila Fasciata.

	- Name: Bonelli's Eagle - Subspecies: A. f. Fasciata, A. f. Renschi. - Description: - - Habitat: -

Dryocopus Martius.

- Names: Black Woodpecker, Zwarte Specht. - Subspecies: D. m. martius, D. m. Khamensis. - Description: - - Habitat: -

Falco Biarmicus.

	- Names: Lanner Falcon, Lanner Valk. - Subspecies: - Description: - - Habitat: Dry steppe and savanna, rocky desert and semi-desert, also on inland cliffs, rocky sea-coasts and rugged mountains.

Athene Noctua.

- Names: Little Owl, Kleine Uil. - Subspecies: A. n. Spilogastra, A. n. Somaliensis, A. n. Orientalis, A. n. Impasta, A. n. Ludlowi, A. n. Plumipes. - Description: - - Habitat: -

Ardea Cinerea Linnaeus, .

- Names: Grey Heron, Blauwe Reiger, - Subspecies: Ardea cinerea cinerea Linnaeus, Ardea cinerea jouyi Clark, Ardea cinerea firasa Hartert, Ardea cinerea monicae Jouanin & Roux. - Description: It is a large bird, standing 90–100 cm tall, with a 175–195 cm wingspan and a weight of 1–2 kg - Food: fish, frogs, insects, small mammals, reptiles, - Breeding: This species breeds in colonies in trees close to lakes, the seashore or other wetlands, although it will also nest in reedbeds. It builds a bulky stick nest.

European Bee-eater Merops Apiaster .

- Names: European Bee-eater , Bijeneter, Bienenfresser, Melissofagos, Gruccione. - Subspecies: . - Description: - - Habitat: -

Carduelis Carduelis.

	- Names: European Goldfinch. - Subspecies: Carduelis carduelis balcanica, Carduelis carduelis carduelis, ... - Description: The average Goldfinch is 12–13 cm long with a wingspan of 21–25 cm and a weight of 14 to 19 grams. - - Habitat: -

Phoenicopterus Roseus.

- Names: Greater Flamingo, Rose Flamingo. - Subspecies: Lesser Flamingo, Chilean Flamingo, James's Flamingo, Andean Flamingo, American Flamingo. - Description: This is the largest species of flamingo, averaging 110–150 cm tall and weighing 2–4 kg. The largest male flamingoes have been recorded at up to 187 cm tall and 4.5 kg - - Habitat: The bird resides in mudflats and shallow coastal lagoons with salt water.

Otus Scops.

	- Names: Eurasian Scops Owl. - Subspecies: Barn Owls - Tytonidae. - Description: This is a small owl, 19–21 centimetres length with a 47–54 centimetres wingspan and is not as large as the Little Owl. - - Habitat: It breeds in open woodland, parks and gardens. It lays 3-6 eggs in a tree hole.

Clamator Glandarius.

- Names: Great Spotted Cuckoo, Kuifkoekoek, Häherkuckuck, Coucou Geai. - Subspecies: Monotypic. - Description: This species is slightly larger than the Common Cuckoo at 35-39 cm length, but looks much larger with its broad wings and long narrow tail. - - Habitat: It is a brood parasite, which lays its eggs in the nests of Corvids (especially Magpies), and Starlings.

Limicola falcinellus.

- Names: Broad-billed Sandpiper. - Subspecies: - Description: Broad-billed Sandpipers are small waders, slightly smaller than the Dunlin, but with a longer straighter bill, and shorter legs. The breeding adult has patterned dark grey upperparts and white under parts with blackish markings on the breast. It has a pale crown stripe and super cilia. - The Broad-billed Sandpiper is strongly migratory - Habitat: They nest in a ground scrape, laying 4 eggs. They forage in soft mud on marshes and the coast, mainly picking up food by sight. They mostly eat insects and other small invertebrates.

Alcedo atthis.

- Names: Eurasian Kingfisher or River Kingfisher. - Subspecies: A. a. Ispida, A. a. Atthis, A. a. Bengalensis, A. a.Taprobana, A. a. Floresiana, A. a. Hispidoides, A. a. Solomonensis. - Description: This species has the typical short-tailed, dumpy-bodied large-headed and long-billed kingfisher shape. The adult male of the western European subspecies, A. a. ispida has green-blue upperparts with pale azure-blue back and rump, a rufous patch by the bill base, and a rufous ear-patch. It has a green-blue neck stripe, white neck blaze and throat, rufous underparts, and a black bill with some red at the base. The legs and feet are bright red. It is about 16 centimetres long with a wingspan of 25 cm, and weighs 34–46 grams The female is identical in appearance to the male except that her lower mandible is orange-red with a black tip. The juvenile is similar to the adult, but with duller and greener upperparts and paler underparts. Its bill is black, and the legs are also initially black. - Food: The food is mainly fish up to 12,5 cm long, but the average size is 2,3 cm. Minnows, sticklebacks, small roach and trout are typical prey. About 60% of food items are fish, but this kingfisher also catches aquatic insects such as dragonfly larvae and water beetles, and, in winter, crustaceans including freshwater shrimps. - Habitat: In temperate regions, this kingfisher inhabits clear, slow-flowing streams and rivers, and lakes with well-vegetated banks. It frequents scrubs and bushes with overhanging branches close to shallow open water in which it hunts. In winter it is more coastal, often feeding in estuaries or harbours and along rocky seashores. Tropical populations are found by slow-flowing rivers, in mangrove creeks and in swamps.

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